10:28 Brazil: information about country | |
| Brazil is a country in South America, that covers an area of 8514876.599 sq. km. The capital of Brazil is Brasilia. Brazil’s landscapes include forests, mountains and plateaus, highlands and lowlands, a large number of rivers and many sandy beaches. Brazil is located in the eastern part of South America, and is washed by the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil borders with Guyana, Venezuela, Suriname, French Guiana in the north, Argentina and Paraguay in the south-west, Uruguay in the south, Colombia in the north-west, Bolivia and Peru in the west. The total length of the land border is 16.885 km: Colombia 1.644 km, French Guiana 730.4 km, Bolivia 3.423 km, Peru 2.995 km, Suriname 593 km, Argentina 1.261 km, Guyana 1.606 km, Paraguay 1.365 km, Uruguay 1.068 km, and Venezuela 2.200 km. The total length of the coastline is 7.491 km. Brazil consists mainly of lowlands, mountains, plains and a narrow coastline. In the north of the country there are Amazon rainforests. To the south is the landscape of hills and low mountains, where live most of Brazil’s inhabitants; this area serve as a base for agriculture. The mountain ranges along the Atlantic coast reach heights of about 2.900 meters. The mountains Pico da Neblina are the highest of the country reaching its peak of 3.014 meters near the border with Venezuela. The most important Brazilian river is the Amazon River, which is the largest river in the world with its deepest basin. There is also the second longest river in the world, Igusa, with its unique waterfalls, and Parana with its major tributaries of Negro, Xingu, Madeira, San Francisco and Tapajos. Amazon rain forests occupy nearly a half of tropical forests of the world. Brazil is rich in natural resources such as gold, iron ore, phosphates, tin, uranium, platinum, bauxite, manganese, nickel, and oil. The tropical climate dominates in Brazil; 90 percent of the country is located in the tropics. Although the Amazon Basin climate is humid, there are arid regions in the north-east. Brazil is known for five climatic zones, the main of them are equatorial, tropical, and subtropical. The average annual temperature in the equatorial zone ranges from about 24 to 26 ° C. The average annual rainfall ranges from 1500 mm to 3000 mm. In the tropics the average annual temperature ranges from 20 ° C to 25 ° C. The average annual rainfall is about 1500-2000 mm, except for the mountainous regions, where is much rainfall, and except for valleys of some of the rivers flowing in the east, where the annual rainfall is the lowest of the region – 900 mm. In the subtropical zone the average annual temperature ranges from 14 ° C to 22 ° C, in the mountains - 10 ° C. The average annual rainfall ranges from 1250 mm to 2000 mm. The bulk of the rainfall falls in summer and autumn. | |
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